Anatomic pathology involves the examination and analysis of tissue samples obtained through biopsies, surgeries or autopsies. This specialized field of pathology includes:
Histopathology: Histopathology focuses on studying and analyzing the microscopic structure of tissues. It helps identify abnormalities, assessing the extent of diseases and determining whether tumors are benign or cancerous.
Cytopathology: Cytopathology involves the examination of individual cells, often collected through methods like fine needle aspirations or Pap smears. This branch of anatomic pathology helps detect and characterize abnormal cells, including cancers.
Surgical Pathology: Surgical pathology deals with the examination of tissues removed during surgical procedures. Pathologists analyze these specimens to diagnose diseases, determine the stage or grade of tumors and provide information for treatment planning.
Immunohistochemistry: Immunohistochemistry uses antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissue samples. This technique helps diagnose different diseases, identifying specific types of cells and predicting their response to certain treatments.
Molecular pathology: Molecular pathologists use advanced techniques to analyze DNA, RNA and proteins in cells and tissues. They can identify genetic mutations and provide information about prognosis and treatment options.
